Tuesday, September 27, 2011

Decleration of the RIghts of the Working and Exploited People

As a Marxist historian it would be assumed that the Russian revolution would be the epidamy for me at least of what a workers revolution should be. However, I am skeptical to call the Russian revolution a true marxist revolution. Part of the reason that I refrain from doing so is the fact that Russia was still in a caste system at the time of the revolution. True Peter the Great had managed to industrialize Russia, but in all truthfulness it still was backwards in comparison to the rest of Europe. Marx describes the rise of the working class like an evolution or a progression. The proletariot will overthrow the bourgeuouse and then will unite in an egalitarian way. However, I am not sure if Marx believed that the working class could overthrow the gentry in a mostly feudal system. Perhaps this is just my own theory that I am purporting to be Marx's. Whatever the case may be I think that it is a pretty good theory.
    Throughout the early part of the second millenia B.C.E. Russia was a land destitute and backwards. For the more part of six hundred years European countries, who for the most part had industrialized, looked at Russia as nothing more than a feudal and despicable place. Russia's nobleman wore beards that were unkempt and thick, a symbol of their place at the top of this caste society. However, in sixteenth century, Peter the Great made revolutionary reforms to industrialize and enlighten his country. Russia soon rose in power and prominance and became one of the economic centers. Although Russia had industrialized, its society was still entrenched by class differences. The cleavage between the rich and poor grew larger and larger until the early part of the twentieth century when a revolution led by V.I. Lenin destroyed the antiquated Russia that was characterized by both decadence, in regard to the royalty and disparity, in regard to the common man. Inspired by the writings of Karl Marx, Lenin promised that this revolt would abolish class structure as the Russian people knew it. As the revolution took full force Lenin designed the Declaration of the Rights of the Working and Exploited People to define what the newly formed Soviet Russia would stand for. While
With this in mind I am examining V.I. Lenin's Decleration of the Rights of the Working and Exploited People for my European Revolutions class. The document was most likely written before the Red Army gained complete control of Russia. It is likely that V.I. Lenin was had an image in mind of what was going to transpire before his proletariot army gained control of Russia. Without a doubt the document was not difficult for Lenin to write. It probably took him no less than an hour or two to complete the entire document. This is in large part due to the fact that most concepts that Lenin uses are not his. Rather, Lenin Generously borrows the ideals of Karl Marx and adopts it to the people of Russia.
 It is obvious that Lenin's vision of Russia and the spread of communism does not meet with the reality of what actually happened. Part III of the document beings with " Expressing its firm determination to wrest mankind from the clutches of finance capital and imperialism, which have in this most criminal of wars drenched the world in blood, the Constituent Assembly whole-heartedly endorses the policy pursued by Soviet power of denouncing the secret treaties, organising most extensive fraternisation with the workers and peasants of the armies in the war, and achieving at all costs, by revolutionary means, a democratic peace between the nations, without annexations and indemnities and on the basis of the free self-determination of nations." Lenin's idealism is rampant throughout this quote. It was his intention that the working class in a democratic manner would receive communism without question. Communism, in the view of Lenin was not to overthrow seperate countries. Rather those workers within those countries would overthrow the burgeiouse and become united as the working men of the world. However, as history shows this simply was not the case. Had Lenin survived a few more years history may have been completely different. Under Stallin Russia was a very different story. Another issue to bring up from this quote is the fact that the Lenin truly saw the Russian revolution as a revolution. His intention was to make this revolution as a world wide revolution. He saw that the Bulkshevik revolution as merely a stepping stone to the rest of the world.
However, the exact publication date of the manuscript is unknown.

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